公司注册无小事 No small matter for company registration

创业者要注册一个公司，通常要决定公司的组织形式、公司名称、股东、注册资本、出资方式等，能不能按照一个模版随便填写呢？我们认为千万不要，因为公司注册无小事。

Entrepreneurs want to register a company, usually they have to decide the company’s organizational form, company name, shareholders, registered capital, capital contribution method, etc. Can they fill out a template casually? We don't think it is because there is nothing trivial about company registration.

最近我们有一个项目，他拿到了天使阶段的融资金额将近700万，但是在融资的过程中。投资人发现有一件事情，这个公司在注册时的300万注册资本是找财务公司垫资的。

We recently had a project. He received nearly 7 million in angel financing, but it is in the process of financing. One thing the investors discovered was that the company’s 3 million registered capital was funded by a financial company when it was registered.

公司刚成立2天，财务公司就把公司账上的300万冲走了，这其实是一种抽逃注册资本的行为，投资方开会研究后，认为此项目虽然前景不错，但存在明显的财务违规风险，最终放弃了投资。

Just two days after the establishment of the company, the financial company washed away the 3 million in the company’s account. This is actually an act of evacuating registered capital. After a meeting, the investors believed that although the project had a good prospect, there were obvious financial irregularities. Risk, and finally gave up the investment.

既然公司注册无小事，我们今天就来分析一下，如何避开公司注册的高频陷阱？

Since company registration is nothing trivial, let’s analyze today, how to avoid the high-frequency trap of company registration?

建议注册“有限责任公司” It is recommended to register a "Limited Liability Company"

创业应该注册一个什么样的公司？实际上公司是有不同的类型，你应该也听过有限责任公司、股份有限公司、合伙企业、个体工商户等等。

What kind of company should be registered for entrepreneurship? In fact, there are different types of companies, and you should have heard of limited liability companies, joint stock limited companies, partnerships, individual businesses, and so on.

不同类型的公司有不同的用途，也有不同的特征和性质。我们在创业的不同阶段，往往可能会用到不同性质的公司，而对于大多数的初创项目来说，我们建议他注册“有限责任公司”

Different types of companies have different purposes, but also different characteristics and properties. We may often use companies of different natures at different stages of starting a business. For most start-up projects, we recommend that he register as a "limited liability company."

那为什么不注册股东有限公司，合伙企业，或者个体户呢？

Then why not register a shareholder limited company, partnership, or self-employed business

原因就在于这些法人实体不适合初创项目进行经营和进行资本运作，观察周边，基本上绝大多数的创业项目都是从有限责任公司开始的。因为这种公司形式有利于项目的经营，有利于拿到融资，有利于投资人投资公司。

The reason is that these legal entities are not suitable for start-up projects to operate and carry out capital operations. Observing the surroundings, basically the vast majority of start-up projects start from limited liability companies. Because this kind of company form is conducive to project management, is conducive to obtain financing, and is conducive to investors to invest in the company.

而其他的公司形式，是达不到这样一个效果。股份有限公司不适合初创阶段；合伙企业更适合作为员工持股平台；个体户股权无法拆分。简而言之，如果你是一个初创公司，那么第一选择就是注册一个有限责任公司。

However, other company forms cannot achieve such an effect. A joint stock limited company is not suitable for the start-up stage; a partnership enterprise is more suitable as a platform for employee stock ownership; and self-employed equity cannot be split. In short, if you are a start-up company, then the first choice is to register a limited liability company.

公司名称和商标同时拿下 Register company name and trademark at the same time

很多人误以为“公司名称”和“商标”是同一件事情，其实并不然。商标是全国范围适用的，而我们公司名称，如果不是在国家工商总局注册，公司名字就仅局限于公司所在的城市。

Many people mistakenly think that "company name" and "trademark" are the same thing, but they are not. Trademarks are applicable nationwide, and our company name, if it is not registered with the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the company name is limited to the city where the company is located.

比如你在北京注册的一个“北京某某有限公司”，这个公司的名字其实局限于在北京这个范围内，别人在上海也可以注册一个“上海某某有限公司”，因此如果我们希望有一个“名字”可以通向全国，最低的成本就是注册商标。

For example, if you register a "Beijing XX Co., Ltd." in Beijing, the name of this company is actually limited to the scope of Beijing. Others can also register a "Shanghai XX Co., Ltd." in Shanghai, so if we want to have a " "Name" can be spread across the country, and the lowest cost is a registered trademark.

最理想的情况，就是能保证商标和公司名称的一致性。如果是这样，我们在公司成立初期，既要做公司名称的查询，也要同步做商标查询，以便保证两者的一致性。

The ideal situation is to ensure the consistency of the trademark and company name. If this is the case, in the initial stage of the establishment of the company, we will do both company name inquiries and trademark inquiries simultaneously to ensure the consistency of the two.

哪怕别人在其他城市注册了你的字号，这个全国范围适用的商标，也能帮助你牢牢占住先机。

Even if others have registered your name in other cities, this nationwide trademark can help you firmly seize the opportunity.

股东人数不要太多 Don’t have too many shareholders

第一公司刚开始注册的时候，工商注册的股东人数一定不能多，一定要限制在合理的范围内，比较少的人数范围内。

When the first company was first registered, the number of shareholders in the industrial and commercial registration must not be large, and must be limited to a reasonable range, and a relatively small number of shareholders.

如果项目最终真的有十几个股东参与，我们也不需要等着股东人数都完备了再去注册公司。哪怕暂时只有你一个人，也可以先注册“一人有限公司”，然后待其他股东加入了，再去变更公司性质。

If the project finally involves more than a dozen shareholders, we don’t need to wait for the number of shareholders to complete before registering the company. Even if you are the only one for the time being, you can first register a "one-person limited company", and then wait for other shareholders to join, and then change the nature of the company.

因为公司主体是商业操作的前提，如果有投资人真的准备投资你的项目，而你连公司都还没注册下来，这样多尴尬！

Because the main body of the company is the prerequisite for commercial operations, if an investor is really ready to invest in your project, and you have not even registered the company, it would be so embarrassing!

不要盲目放大注册资本 Don't blindly enlarge the registered capital

现在公司法规定了注册资本都是“认缴制”，也就是如果认缴100万，股东并不需要马上把100万放入公司账户，而企业申请一个很长的缴资期限。

The company law now stipulates that the registered capital is a "subscription system", that is, if one million is subscribed, shareholders do not need to put one million into the company's account immediately, and the company applies for a very long time limit for payment.

认缴制给很多创业者造成了一个误区，这个误区就是反正不需要实缴了，就把注册资本设得高高的，干脆注册1000万或1个亿，这是一个严重的误区，也是一个严重的错误，甚至是要付出惨重代价的。

The subscription system has caused a misunderstanding for many entrepreneurs. This misunderstanding is that there is no need to pay in anyway, and the registered capital should be set high. Simply register 10 million or 100 million. This is a serious misunderstanding, and it is also a Serious mistakes can even cost a heavy price.

认缴了并不等于你永远不需要实缴，认缴了不等于你没有出资的义务了。实际上，认缴以后股东仍然需要实际出资，只是看公司的运营状态，如果公司清算注销时没有外债。那么你没有实缴还可以谅解，且不需要承担责任。反之，如果你公司进行清算注销的时候，对于外债没有偿还完。那么公司的债权人是可以要求公司的股东按照认缴的金额去承担责任，所以我们创业小伙伴一定要记住注册资本不是越大越好，而且对于有商业经验的人都知道注册资本跟公司的实力是没有任何直接关系的。

Subscribing does not mean that you will never need to pay, and subscribing does not mean that you have no obligation to contribute capital. In fact, after subscribing, shareholders still need to make actual capital contributions. It just depends on the company's operating status. If the company is liquidated and cancelled, there is no foreign debt. Then you can forgive you for not paying, and you don’t need to take responsibility. Conversely, if your company has not paid off its foreign debts when it is liquidated and cancelled. Then the company’s creditors can require the company’s shareholders to take responsibility for the amount of the subscription, so our entrepreneurial partners must remember that the larger the registered capital, the better, and everyone with business experience knows the registered capital and the company’s strength There is no direct relationship.

当然，注册资本也不是越小越好，如果设注册资本为1万元，别人又怎么相信你是真心做生意的呢？我们的建议初创企业，把注册资本设置在10万到100万之间是一个比较合适的区间。

Of course, the registered capital is not as small as possible. If the registered capital is set at 10,000 yuan, how can others believe that you are sincerely doing business? Our suggestion for start-ups is to set the registered capital between 100,000 and 1 million is a more appropriate range.

明晰虚拟地址的限制 Clarify the limitations of virtual addresses

对于大部分城市，例如北京、广州、上海等，都要求注册地址必须是“办公用途”，而不能是住宅用地，这就对初创者在办理公司时增加了时间成本和资金成本，毕竟在一线城市，办公地址的租金是比较高的。

For most cities, such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, etc., the registered address must be “office use” and not residential land. This adds time and capital costs to start-ups when handling companies. After all, the first-line In cities, office rents are relatively high.

所以很多人会想到用“虚拟地址”，即由一些商务中心提供一份租赁合同用于登记，但并不提供实际地址，初创者也不能进驻办公。

So many people will think of using a "virtual address", that is, some business centers provide a lease contract for registration, but do not provide the actual address, and start-ups cannot enter the office.

对于虚拟地址，必须注意两个问题：

For virtual addresses, two issues must be paid attention to:

1. 银行开户时需要做背景调查，部分银行需要上门核实办公场地，部分银行需要配合现场拍照。无论是哪种，都给租用虚拟地址的初创者造车难度，所以应该在租赁虚拟地址之前，跟出租方商量场地核查的解决方式。

A background check is required when opening a bank account. Some banks need to visit the office to verify the office space, and some banks need to cooperate with on-site photos. Either way, it is difficult for the start-up who rents a virtual address to build a car, so before renting a virtual address, you should discuss the solution to the site verification with the lessor.

2. 相关政府部门，为了清理违规的僵尸企业，会不定时对企业进行实地抽查。所以，初创者也应该跟出租方商量，由出租方提供秘书服务，帮忙应对相关的政府抽查。

Relevant government departments will conduct spot checks on companies from time to time in order to clean up violating zombie companies. Therefore, the start-up should also discuss with the lessor, and the lessor should provide secretarial services to help deal with relevant government spot checks.

公司注册无小事，如果大意疏忽，就会给将来留下巨大的隐患，轻则丧失了融资的机会，重则要承担法律责任。GBAA今天为了讲解了如何避开公司注册的的五个坑，希望对你的创业和融资有帮助。

There is nothing trivial about company registration. If you are careless, you will leave a huge hidden danger in the future. At the slightest, you will lose the opportunity of financing, and at the most important, you will have to bear legal responsibility. In order to explain how to avoid the five pits of company registration, GBAA hopes to be helpful to your entrepreneurship and financing.